Dichloromethane

Key Properties and Characteristics

1. Physical properties: Denser than water, sparingly soluble in water, and miscible with most organic solvents. It has a low boiling point (approximately 39–40°C), is highly volatile, and leaves little residue.

2. Chemical stability: Although commonly used as a stable solvent for extraction and reactions, it is not completely inert and remains reactive under specific conditions.

Toxicity and Safety Risks

1. Health Hazards: The vapor has anesthetic and irritating effects; inhalation of high concentrations can cause dizziness and headaches, and may even be life-threatening.

2. Carcinogenicity: Classified as a Group 2A carcinogen (probably carcinogenic to humans) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization (WHO).

3. Regulatory Control: Due to the potentially fatal risks it poses to workers and the environment, many countries (such as the United States and Taiwan) enforce strict regulations regarding its production, use, and disposal, as well as rigorous occupational safety standards.